Name: S.R. Hanumantharaya
Country: India

Year: 2026
Volume: Volume-16, Issue-1 (Special Issue: March 2026)
Page Number: 74-77
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19147554

ABSTRACT
The economic liberalization initiated in India in 1991 marked a historic turning point in the
country’s development trajectory. Transitioning from a predominantly state-controlled
economic framework to a market-oriented system, India embarked on structural reforms aimed at enhancing efficiency, competitiveness, and global integration. This study analyzes the trends in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth in post-liberalization India from 1991 to 2023, examining growth phases, sectoral transformation, policy interventions, and macroeconomic stability. Based on secondary data from the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Reserve Bank of India, World Bank, and International Monetary Fund, the study finds that economic reforms significantly accelerated growth and strengthened India’s integration into the global economy. However, issues of employment generation, inequality, and regional imbalance continue to pose challenges. The study concludes that sustainable an